What causes droughts?
Droughts have many causes. Some of which are, not having enough rain/ snow for a long period of time. If you live near a place where there is a river, a drought in that area can be caused by people upstream not getting enough water or moisture. Droughts can also happen due to what we do. If we use lots of water when there is a lot of rainfall, when there is a drought we won't have enough water. Australia is often affected by droughts because of its geography and rainfall changes. Australia is located in a subtropical area that produces dry and sinking air, which results in very little rainfall and clear skies. Another cause of droughts in Australia, is the El Niño weather pattern. When there are El Niño weather patterns, Australia has less rainfall and becomes drier than usual. The geographical processes responsible for droughts are the high pressure systems over the land.
WHat caused the federation drought?
The El Niño Southern oscillation ( a natural phenomenon that involves changing ocean temperatures) and the Interdecadal Pacific oscillation (displays similar sea level pressure and sea surface temperature but if affects both the south and north pacific) were the main causes of the federation drought.
What caused the MILLENNIUM drought?
The Southern Annular Mode ( belt of westerly winds or low pressure surrounding Antarctica that moves north or south) and the El Niño Southern oscillation were the main drivers of the Millennium drought/ the Big Dry.